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1. B5 VS PETROLEUM DIESEL

Fuel Properties of B5 Blends (Palm Biodiesel in Petroleum Diesel)

Property	Unit	B5	MS123: 1993		EN 590:2000
Property	Unit	B5	Min	Max	Min	Max
Density at 15ºC	kg/L	0.8547	−	−	0.8200	0.8450
Viscosity at 40ºC	mm2/s	4.57	1.5	5.8	2.0	4.5
Flash Point	ºC	93.0	60	−	55	-
Cloud Point	ºC	18	−	18	-	-
Pour Point	ºC	9	−	15	-	-
Sulphur Content	%mass	0.26	−	0.5	-	0.35
Carbon Residue (on 10% distillation residue)	% mass	<0.1	−	0.2	-	0.3
Cetane Number	−	56.1	45	−	51	-
Cetane Index	−		47	−	46	-
Ash Content	% mass	0.003	−	0.01	-	0.01
Basic Sediment and Water	mg/kg	<0.01	−	0.01	-	-
Copper Strip Corrosion (3h at 100ºC)	rating	1a	−	1	-	-
Copper Strip Corrosion (3h at 50ºC)	rating	-	-	-	-	1
Distillation Temperature at 90% Recovery	ºC	364.7	−	370	-	-
Distillation Temperature at 95% Recovery	ºC	-	-	-	-	360
Water by Distillation	% volume	<0.05	−	0.05	-	-
Colour	−	L2.0	−	2.5	-	-
Gross Calorific Value	MJ/kg	45.135	−	−	-	-

Notes:
MS123:1993: Malaysian Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel (Second revision)
EN 590:2000: European Union Diesel Standard

2. FUEL PROPERTIES OF NORMAL AND LOW POUR POINT PALM BIODIESEL

Property	Unit	Normal	Low Pour Point	EN 14214	ASTM D6751
Ester Content	% mass	98.5	98.0 – 99.5	96.5 min	-
Density at 15oC	kg/L	0.8783	0.87 – 0.89	0.86 – 0.9	-
Viscosity at 40oC	cSt	4.415	4 - 5	3.5 – 5.0	1.9 – 6.0
Flash Point	C	182	150 - 200	120 min	130 min
Cloud Point	C	15.2	-18 – 0	-	Report
Pour Point	C	15	-21 – 0	-	-
Cold Filter Plugging Point	C	15	-18 - 3	-	-
Sulfur Content	% mass	<0.001	<0.001	0.001 max	0.0015 min (Grade S15) 0.05 min (Grade S500)
Carbon Residue (on 10% distillation residue)	% mass	0.02	0.02 – 0.03	0.3 max	0.05 max
Acid Value	mg KOH/g	0.08	<0.3	0.5 max	0.8 max
Sulfated Ash Content	% mass	<0.01	<0.01	0.02 max	0.02 max
Basic Sediment and Water	% mass	<0.05	<0.05	0.05 max	0.05 max
Cetane Number	-	58.3	53.0 – 59.0	51 min	47 min
Copper Strip Corrosion (3h at 50oC)	Rating	1a	1a	1	3 max
Iodine Value	-	52	56 - 83	120 max	-
Content of Linolenic Acid Methyl Esters	% mass	<0.5	<0.5	12 max	-
Content of Polyunsaturated esters (more than 3 double bonds)	% mass	<0.1	<0.1	1 max	-
Methanol Content	% mass	<0.2	<0.2	0.2 max	-
Monoglycerides	% mass	<0.4	<0.4	0.8 max	-
Diglycerides	% mass	<0.2	<0.2	0.2 max	-
Triglycerides	% mass	<0.1	<0.1	0.2 max	-
Free Glycerol	% mass	<0.01	<0.01	0.02 max	0.02 max
Total Glycerol	% mass	<0.01	<0.01	0.25 max	0.24 max

Note:
ASTM D6751: American Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels
EN 14214: European Standard for Biodiesel